静夜思后记

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  后来的故事比较低落,历史上大约是:

  安史之乱爆发后,在756年12月,55岁的李白为平复叛乱,应邀作为永王的幕僚。不久永王触怒唐肃宗被杀,李白也获罪入狱,被流放到夜郎(今贵州桐梓一带)。在流放途中遇赦,此时他已经59岁。李白晚年在江南一带漂泊。在他61岁时,听到太尉李光弼率领大军讨伐安史叛军,于是他北上准备追随李光弼从军杀敌,但是中途因病折回。第二年,李白投奔他的族叔、当时在当涂(今属安徽)当县令的李阳冰;11月病逝于寓所,终年62岁。

  静夜思这首诗做于什么时间什么场合,别较真。我特意把时间放大到756年的那个夏夜,寻找大历史和小人物互动的痕迹。无间道里说只有事情改变人,人改变不了事情。在后人的印象中,安史之乱从未被平息。安禄山死了有史思明,史朝义,再有藩镇之祸,再黄巢,再五代十国。大唐朝墙倒众人推,岂是一介墨客能改变。

  而李白在那晚决定出山,说是老骥伏枥的冲动也好,理想主义遭遇滑铁卢也好,并未影响他冠名诗仙的成就。我们今天看古人生平,很多历史上的大文豪,沉浮起落几十年,用常人之成功标准判断,基本是一事无成。而出世、入世,两面一体,应该才是完整的人生。

  杜少陵就是杜甫,少李白10岁。自小好学,七岁便能作诗,二十岁后漫游各地,于洛阳认识李白。今人提到这一节,就像提到孔子拜访老子。我们期待高手相遇,碰撞,较量,华山论道,“论武功俗世中不知边个高”,比比谁更厉害,甚至求一些师承的蛛丝马迹。李白是浪漫主义伟大诗人,杜甫是现实主义伟大诗人,晚10年,看到听到想到就大不同。身为70年代的我们嘲笑80一代是看电视长大的,亦是如此。

  “只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针”,讲学习的故事数这个最搞笑。且不说投入产出比,磨出来的针没有针孔,只能用来打毛衣。而且又绝非工艺水平所限,那铁杵怎么造出来的?如果一定要搞得像新石器时代,骨针石针岂不更容易。铁杵磨针,让我想起那条标语“光缆无铜,偷盗有罪”,绝对属于愚昧落后的典型想一想都头皮发麻。国民教育什么时候能用格物致知的眼光看世界,而不是简单复制人云亦云,路很长。

  静夜思的后现代版,像什么“举头望明月,低头思姑娘”,还有是“床前明月光,地上鞋两双,床上狗男女,其中就有你”,都关于爱情。李白的爱情在他的事迹中无足轻重,借他和杜少陵的问答,掀起他感情生活的一角,我对好男人的理解就是这种,爱得热烈而不缠绵,外表刚毅内心温柔。况且爱情也是入世的一种,出世成功,入世失意是常有的。入世成功者比如唐明皇和杨贵妃,完全不受道德羁绊,忘年之爱,乱伦之爱,亡国之爱,却有幸随着一曲长恨歌流芳千古。白居易完全没有写那些负面的,包括马嵬坡兵变的时候,唐明皇已经72岁,杨玉环38岁,有心无力面对半老徐娘,与其说永失吾爱还不如说找替罪羊。点石成金化腐朽为神奇,是为文学之伟大。

  生于碎叶的外国人。唐朝的华夷之分是相当模糊的,各色人口争相往来。血统上,李白的父亲当然姓李,据说还是皇族,虽说归了中土,因为流失日久,终于没有认祖归宗。余世维讲成功经理人时,说欧洲人佩带家徽,对家族荣誉看得很重,中国人姓李的太多,谁还去跟李世民攀亲。这不对,起码刘备、刘秀都是攀亲成功,起于草莽。李白多半是因为性格骄傲,不屑于攀亲。而皇族李姓是有鲜卑血统的,长孙、宇文、尉迟都是鲜卑贵族,匈奴自昭君,吐蕃自文成,也都有着汉族血统,往后扯远些,清太祖开国时规定满汉不通婚而提倡满蒙通婚,康熙的奶奶孝庄皇太后就是蒙古族。中华民族几千年融合至今,满汉蒙回只有生活习惯的差别而已。我的本家姜戎就在狼图腾里言称,中华文明史应该补上游牧民族的重要一课,宋和辽都是朝代,金兀术同样英雄。他写到,为什么唐朝女性以胖为美,游牧民族多如此,女性要负担大量体力劳动,不胖难为好媳妇。玉环不是天子一人眼中的西施,李白看她也一样。

  环肥燕瘦,看见李敖在凤凰台用连战夫人的旧照展示几十年东方美女标准的改变。可见花无百日好,本性的转移更快于江山。今天在这里再如何向往,也难企及盛唐风光。上下千年,只剩夏相同,蚊相同,月相同,让我能找到些故事讲。

- 大胖 05-6-21

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